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'In the UK we have this rich resource of historical data from mining and other development, and we now have the computational tools to make complex, but accurate, models,' said Newell. The new map even shows how the Mendip Island was flooded step-by-step, with sea level rising a few meters every million years, until it became nearly completely flooded 100 million years later, in the Cretaceous.Ĭo-author Dr Andy Newell, of the British Geological Survey, said models of the Earth's crust help scientists understand much about the modern British isles.įor example it can point in the direction of water and some mineral resources. The study, carried out with the British Geological Survey, demonstrates the level of detail that can be drawn from geological information using modern analytical tools. On the left is a map created by the team showing the various islands of the Bristol archipelago with the names of the towns and cities of modern Bristol and Somerset, and for comparison a modern map showing the same region today on the right 'Also, we found evidence that the small islands were occupied by small numbers of species, whereas larger islands, such as the Mendip Island, could support many more,' explained Whiteside.

That some phenomenon was found in the fossil records of the Bristol archipelago On islands today, middle-sized animals are often much smaller than their continent or large-island equivalence because there are fewer resources. 'We also wanted to see whether these early island-dwellers showed any of the effects of island life,' said co-author Dr David Whiteside.

'The Thecodontosaurus lived on several of these islands including the one that cut across the Clifton Downs, and we wanted to understand the world it occupied and why the dinosaurs on different islands show some differences,' he said. The findings have provided greater insight into the type of surroundings inhabited by the Thecodontosaurus, which was the size of a medium-sized dog with a long tail.Ĭo-author Professor Michael Benton, Professor of Vertebrate Paleontology at the University of Bristol, said he was keen to resolve the ancient landscape. The Atlantic Ocean began to open up between Europe and North America causing land level to fall, leaving Bristol Channel area seas 100 metres higher than today. 'It was often thought that these small dinosaurs and lizard-like animals lived in a desert landscape, but this provides the first standardised evidence supporting the theory that they lived alongside each other on flooded tropical islands,' he said.Īt the end of the Triassic period the UK was close to the Equator and enjoyed a warm Mediterranean climate, with very high sea levels compared to today. 'No one has ever gathered all this data before,' said Lovegrove. One of the pieces of literature uncovered by the Bristol team described the area as a 'landscape of limestone islands' with storms powerful enough to 'scatter pebbles, roll fragments of marl as well as breaking bones and teeth.' This shows the landscape of a region - that is now Bristol and Somerset - as it existed before a great sea, the Rhaetian Ocean, flooded most of the land at the end of the Triassic period, the team explained. They then pulled in other data from literature and historical records to generate the 3D topographic model of the area. The study used data from geological measurements all round Bristol through the last 200 years - from quarries, road sections, cliffs, and boreholes.